转录组
生物
核糖体分析
管家基因
基因表达谱
蛋白质组
RNA序列
基因表达
基因
鸭嘴兽
从头转录组组装
遗传学
核糖核酸
进化生物学
计算生物学
核糖体
动物
作者
Zhongyi Wang,Evgeny Leushkin,Angélica Liechti,Svetlana Ovchinnikova,Katharina Mößinger,Thoomke Brüning,Coralie Rummel,Frank Grützner,Margarida Cardoso-Moreira,Peggy Janich,David Gatfield,Boubou Diagouraga,Bernard de Massy,Mark E. Gill,Antoine H.F.M. Peters,Simon Anders,Henrik Kaessmann
出处
期刊:Nature
[Springer Nature]
日期:2020-11-11
卷期号:588 (7839): 642-647
被引量:124
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41586-020-2899-z
摘要
Gene-expression programs define shared and species-specific phenotypes, but their evolution remains largely uncharacterized beyond the transcriptome layer1. Here we report an analysis of the co-evolution of translatomes and transcriptomes using ribosome-profiling and matched RNA-sequencing data for three organs (brain, liver and testis) in five mammals (human, macaque, mouse, opossum and platypus) and a bird (chicken). Our within-species analyses reveal that translational regulation is widespread in the different organs, in particular across the spermatogenic cell types of the testis. The between-species divergence in gene expression is around 20% lower at the translatome layer than at the transcriptome layer owing to extensive buffering between the expression layers, which especially preserved old, essential and housekeeping genes. Translational upregulation specifically counterbalanced global dosage reductions during the evolution of sex chromosomes and the effects of meiotic sex-chromosome inactivation during spermatogenesis. Despite the overall prevalence of buffering, some genes evolved faster at the translatome layer—potentially indicating adaptive changes in expression; testis tissue shows the highest fraction of such genes. Further analyses incorporating mass spectrometry proteomics data establish that the co-evolution of transcriptomes and translatomes is reflected at the proteome layer. Together, our work uncovers co-evolutionary patterns and associated selective forces across the expression layers, and provides a resource for understanding their interplay in mammalian organs. An analysis using ribosome-profiling and matched RNA-sequencing data for three organs across five mammalian species and a bird enables the comparison of translatomes and transcriptomes, revealing patterns of co-evolution of these two expression layers.
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