免疫原性
dna疫苗
免疫系统
免疫疗法
免疫学
抗原
癌症免疫疗法
癌症疫苗
癌症
接种疫苗
医学
获得性免疫系统
背景(考古学)
病毒学
佐剂
抗体
生物
免疫
免疫
内科学
古生物学
作者
Angeliki Tiptiri-Kourpeti,Katerina Spyridopoulou,Aglaia Pappa,Katerina Chlichlia
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.05.004
摘要
DNA vaccination represents a smart and promising approach to cancer immunotherapy. DNA vaccines for cancer immunotherapy are designed to deliver one or several genes encoding tumor antigens, thereby eliciting or augmenting antigen-specific immune responses against antigens that play a central role in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. Vaccine efficacy can be significantly improved by implementing strategies for enhancing antigen presentation and immunogenicity, such as new delivery systems, addition of molecular adjuvants and immunostimulatory signals, optimized prime-boost strategies or blockade of immune checkpoints. Taken into consideration that innate immune responses are important in the induction and enhancement of antigen-specific adaptive responses, manipulations that integrate these approaches in the vaccine design can achieve activation of protective adaptive immune responses, thereby overcoming the self-tolerance towards many tumor antigens. Such approaches are employed in a number of clinical trials for DNA cancer immunotherapy and hold promise for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine development. In this context, strategies that improve immunogenicity and enhance the efficacy of DNA vaccines for cancer immunotherapy are discussed.
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