癌变
免疫系统
生物
基因
获得性免疫系统
癌症研究
清脆的
抑制器
表型
抗原
免疫检查点
免疫学
免疫疗法
遗传学
作者
Timothy D. Martin,Rupesh S. Patel,David Cook,Mei Yuk Choi,Ajinkya Patil,Anna C. Liang,Mamie Z. Li,Kevin M. Haigis,Stephen J. Elledge
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2021-09-17
卷期号:373 (6561): 1327-1335
被引量:77
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.abg5784
摘要
During tumorigenesis, tumors must evolve to evade the immune system and do so by disrupting the genes involved in antigen processing and presentation or up-regulating inhibitory immune checkpoint genes. We performed in vivo CRISPR screens in syngeneic mouse tumor models to examine requirements for tumorigenesis both with and without adaptive immune selective pressure. In each tumor type tested, we found a marked enrichment for the loss of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) in the presence of an adaptive immune system relative to immunocompromised mice. Nearly one-third of TSGs showed preferential enrichment, often in a cancer- and tissue-specific manner. These results suggest that clonal selection of recurrent mutations found in cancer is driven largely by the tumor’s requirement to avoid the adaptive immune system.
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