Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of flavonoids in Pueraria lobata: Immune cell regulation and molecular mechanisms

Inflammation is a fundamental pathogenic process in various kinds of disorders, and excessive activation can result in tissue damage and chronic disease development. Pueraria lobata is a medicinal and edible herb, highly valued for its food, medicinal, and economic properties, with extensive potential applications. Extensive research indicates that the flavonoids in Pueraria lobata exhibit significant anti-inflammatory potential. These flavonoids primarily modulate macrophage polarization and phagocytosis, regulate T cell homeostasis, inhibit neutrophil infiltration, control the release of inflammatory cytokines and mediators, influence signaling pathways, alter miRNA expression, and regulate intestinal flora. Through these diverse mechanisms, they mitigate various inflammatory diseases. This paper systematically reviews the recent research advancements regarding flavonoids in Pueraria lobata, focusing on immune cell regulation and molecular mechanisms, to offer a theoretical foundation for further investigation into the anti-inflammatory properties of these flavonoids and the development and utilization of Pueraria lobata products.