Metal–Organic Framework-Based Fiber Optic Sensor for Chromium(VI) Detection

This study demonstrates a novel fiber optic sensing strategy for selective adsorption and rapid detection of Cr(VI) ions by exploiting a suitable metal-organic framework matrix and the characteristic spectral absorption of Cr(VI) at 395 nm wavelength, respectively. U-bent fiber optic sensor (U-FOS) probes that exhibit remarkably high evanescent wave-based absorbance sensitivity were employed to efficiently detect the Cr(VI) ions that are adsorbed to a stable zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) matrix immobilized on the probe surface. A facile technique was developed for the fabrication of ZIF-67-coated U-FOS probes (FOS/ZIF-67) involving an in situ deposition process followed by heat treatment. Selectivity of the FOS/ZIF-67 probes to Cr(VI) was confirmed by optical absorption spectral investigations with 14 other heavy metals and interfering ions. The sensor performance was evaluated with a compact light-emitting diode-photodetector-based setup. FOS/ZIF-67 probes demonstrate an ability to detect Cr(VI) ions with a limit of detection of 1 ppb and a wide linear dynamic range from 0.005 to 100 ppm within a short response time of 5 to 10 min. These sensors show good recovery rates with real water samples and a shelf-life of at least 4 weeks under ambient conditions, thereby demonstrating their viability for real-world application.