Synthesis and analysis of a novel phospho-nitrile flame retardant for cotton fabric

Phospho-nitrile flame retardant is a kind of phosphorus and nitrogen flame retardants with the characteristics of non-toxic, environmental protection and high efficiency, which deserves to be researched in depth. In this study, dopamine (DA) is grafted onto hexachlorocyclotriphosphonitrile (HCCP) to synthesize novel phospho-nitrile flame retardants (hexadopamine cyclotriphosphonitrile, HDCCP) by acylation reaction. The structures of HDCCP are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Gaussian. The pyrolysis process of HDCCP is characterized by thermal gravity analyzer (TGA), and the results demonstrate that the HDCCP has good thermal stability properties. The optimal preparation process is determined by orthogonal test and vertical combustion test (VBT). Eventually, crystallinity analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope observation (SEM), limiting oxygen index test (LOI) and TGA are applied to investigate the flame-retardant properties of cotton fabrics with different mass concentration of the HDCCP. The results indicate that the flame retardant containing 6 wt% HDCCP not only exhibits the optimal flame retardancy, but also maintains excellent mechanical property.