An appraisal on the degradation of paracetamol by TiO2/UV system in aqueous medium: product identification by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

The advanced oxidation of paracetamol (1) promoted by TiO2/UV system in aqueous medium was investigated. Continuous monitoring by several techniques, such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography), TOC (total organic carbon), and ESI-MS (electrospray ionization mass spectrometry), revealed that whereas the removal of paracetamol was highly efficient under these conditions, its mineralization was not likewise accomplished. GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis showed that hydroquinone, aliphatic carboxylic acids, monohydroxy and dihydroxy paracetamol were the main products formed as a result of such degradation process. Based on these results, a reaction route for the degradation of paracetamol induced by the TiO2/UV system was suggested. Fragmentation pathways, as obtained from the mass spectra data, were also proposed for the trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives of monohydroxy and dihydroxy paracetamol.