DMMAFS: Protein Function Prediction Based on Multi-Modal Multi-Attention Fusion Features

Intelligent prediction of protein function is more efficient and less resource-consuming and has achieved significant progress in recent years. However, most of the current methods are performed solely based on the sequence information of proteins. These methods overlook information of other modalities that the proteins themselves possess, which makes it difficult to achieve the desired predicted results. Furthermore, a few existing methods based on multiple modal information fuse them in a simple splicing manner and fail to fully exploit the complementary relation between different modalities. To address the above-mentioned challenges, we propose Multi-modal Multi-attention fusion Features (DMMAFS), a method based on deep learning, to predict protein function. On the one hand, DMMAFS gains the semantic information embedded in the sequence itself through the self-attention learning of the sequence. On the other hand, DMMAFS employs the 3D structural information of proteins to compensate for the sequence information. Particularly, a S-C cross-modal cross-attention fusion network module is proposed that not only optimizes the weights of the semantic information but also efficiently fuses the sequence features with the structural information, thus avoiding the simple splicing of different modal features. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed DMMAFS outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in protein function prediction.