Surface Modification Methods of Magnetic Nanoparticles

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are of tremendous interest, because of their wide range of multifunctional uses, particularly in analytical chemistry and nanomedicine. However, they have significant limitations, including oxidation, fast agglomeration, instability in air, and low biocompatibility, which limit their application. The properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can be enhanced by approximately modifying their surfaces to address existing challenges. In this chapter, we explore recent developments in surface functionalization of MNPs using small organic compounds, polymers, lipo-polymers, lipids, and inorganic materials. Numerous scientists are currently engaged in synthesizing novel forms of multifunctional MNPs with enormous diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have versatile applications in medicine and can act as both therapeutic and diagnostic agents. They are employed in medical procedures, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cell targeting, fluorescent tagging, and drug delivery. Modified MNPs with proper surface functionalization can also be applied in the treatment of diseases such as Alzheimer's, glioma, and Parkinson's disease.