Eruption history, petrogeochemistry, and geodynamic background of Tengchong volcanoes in Yunnan Province, SW China

Abstract The Tengchong Volcanic Field (TVF) is one of the youngest volcanic areas in China, and is located in the southwestern part of Yunnan Province, China, adjacent to the collision zone between the Indian and Eurasian plates. This paper summarizes the results of previous research on the eruption history, petrochemistry and geodynamic background of the TVF and presents a detailed analysis of the available data. Eruptions took place from the Pliocene to the Holocene and were divided into five stages. The composition of the magma went through two cycles: the N 2 − Q P 1 − Q P 2 volcanic rocks went through the evolutionary process from basalt to dacite and the Q P 3 − Qh magma evolved from trachybasalt to trachyte. The evolution of magma is mainly related to the fractional crystallization of pyroxene and ilmenite. The mantle source area of the TVF volcanic rocks was caused by mixing between the mid-ocean ridge basalt-source mantle and the eastern Indian continental margin sediments to different degrees. Geophysical data also showed that the Indian plate has been subducted under the TVF area. There are also magma chambers in the crust within a depth of 25 km in the TVF that are replenished by mantle magma.