Global perspectives on perimenopause: a digital survey of knowledge and symptoms using the Flo application

OBJECTIVE: Perimenopause is the time leading up to a woman's last menstrual cycle and includes the 12 months afterward. Studies that systematically compare perimenopause symptoms across diverse cultural and geographic settings are lacking. This study, utilizing data from Flo, an international mobile health application, aimed to assess global knowledge and symptom experiences related to perimenopause. METHODS: This cross-sectional survey was conducted via the Flo application, offered to users aged 18 years and above. The primary endpoints were knowledge of perimenopause symptoms from all survey participants, and self-reported perimenopause symptoms for survey participants aged 35 years and above. Secondary analyses compared knowledge scores and symptoms across geographic regions. RESULTS: A total of 17,494 women from 158 countries were included. Commonly recognized perimenopause symptoms included hot flashes (71%), sleep problems (68%), and weight gain (65%). Of the participants, 12,681 were aged 35 years or above, with the most common self-reported symptoms being fatigue (83%), physical and mental exhaustion (83%), irritability (80%), depressive mood (77%), sleep problems (76%), digestive issues (76%), and anxiety (75%). This pattern of symptoms was similar among those who self-reported being in perimenopause, though higher than in those not in perimenopause. International variation in perimenopause symptom knowledge and symptoms experienced was noted (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This survey highlights a discordance between perimenopause knowledge and actual symptoms experienced across diverse global populations. While hot flashes were the most widely recognized symptom, respondents aged 35 years or above most commonly reported experiencing fatigue, physical and mental exhaustion, and irritability.