Rhizome of bamboo has a complex structure.A survey is carried out on rhizome of Phyllostachys bambusoides f.lacrima-deae Keng in Bo'ai.The result shows that rhizome growth and their distribution in soil are reasonable.The effect of depth of soil on the rhizome length is obvious,whereas the effect of the rhizome age on the rhizome diameter is not obvious,it has a significant effect on the numbers of buds.The bamboo has the typical shallow roots,about 85.7% rhizomes are mainly distributed in 0-20 cm deep soil layer.As for the above rhizome,its diameter is small,length between notes is short,and no shoots grow on it.In order to increase the numbers of rhizome,we should loose the soil,kill the grass,fertilize and cover reasonably.