Xinjiang vermiculite modified by HDTMAB can form organic vermiculite with 4.850 nm layer distance,charactered by XRD and FT-IR.Through black liquor treatment by organic vermiculite experiments,the influence of temperature,pH value,reaction time and organic vermiculite dosage for chroma removal rate were discussed,and the absorption effect of organic vermiculite,sodium modified vermiculite were compared with raw vermiculite and active carbon also.The results show that there are higher removal rate of organic vermiculite in black liquor treatment.When pH=4,organic vermiculite dosage was 20 g/L,adsorbing time 60 min at room temperature and under moderate speed stirring situation,the chroma removal rate reaches 92.80%,and the content of COD declines 110 mg/L from 12430 mg/L,and the effect of organic vermiculite gets on towards active carbons but much better than raw vermiculite and sodium-vermiculite.