The functionalization of biodegradable polyesters provide many possibilities to enriching the design of molecule structure, tunable biocompatibility and biodegradability and improving bioactivity. Hence such research on the functionalization of polyester had become the hot topic in the biomedical materials. The recent progress in the molecular design,chemical structures,synthesis techniques and related properties of the functionalized aliphatic polyesters were reviewed. Hydroxyl,amino groups,azido,and unsaturated bond and aliphatic polyester researoth as a functional group were elaberated emphatically. Furthermore,the development trends and prospects of functionalized aliphatic polyesters were also analyzed and forecasted.