Mining of Meroterpenoids with Anti-inflammatory Activity from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Talaromyces sp. JNQQJ-4 by Genome Analysis and Molecular Network Strategy

Talaromeroterpenoids A-G (1-7), seven new 3,5-dimethylorsellinic-acid-derived meroterpenoids, and two known analogues (8 and 9) were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Talaromyces sp. JNQQJ-4 by genome analysis and a molecular networking strategy. Their structures and absolute configurations were established by nuclear magnetic resonance data, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 possesses an unprecedented rearrangement 7/6/6/6/5/5 hexacyclic skeleton based on a 2,8,18,21-tetraoxa-hexacyclo-[12.5.2.1^3,12.0^1,16.0^4,10.0^16,22]docosane core. In bioassays, compound 2 exhibited promising anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and inactivating the NF-κB signaling pathway.