Coordinated Axial Ligand and d‐π Conjugated Network Makes the Difference: Engineered 2D Mn‐Based Antioxidase Mimic for Enhancing Stem Cell Protection

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) refer to various partially reduced oxygen moieties that are naturally generated due to biochemical processes. Elevated formation of ROS leads to damage to biomolecules, resulting in oxidative stress and cell death. The increased level of ROS also affects therapeutics based on stem cell transplantation. Nanomaterials‐based enzyme mimetics have attracted immense attention, but there are several challenges to be addressed in terms of selectivity, efficiency, and biocompatibility. This highlight focuses on a recent investigation by Cheng and coworkers, who engineered an Mn‐superoxide dismutase (Mn‐SOD)‐inspired material with Mn‐N 5 sites having an axial ligand and 2D d‐π‐conjugated network. This engineering approach enhances antioxidase‐like function and effectively rescues stem cells from ROS. In addition, it also protects osteogenesis‐related gene transcription, ensuring survival rates and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs under ROS environment. This versatile and robust artificial antioxidase holds promise for stem cell therapies and ROS‐originated diseases.