The impacts of connected autonomous vehicles on mixed traffic flow: A comprehensive review

The rapid improvements in communication and self-driving technology in recent years have made connected autonomous cars an essential component of urban road transit. Connected autonomous vehicles excel in eliminating uncertainties arising from human driving behaviors. Consequently, they alleviate the issue of 'phantom congestion', a phenomenon that significantly impacts traffic efficiency, safety and sustainability while simultaneously enhancing overall traffic flow stability and safety. Moreover, the increasing adoption of connected autonomous vehicles has led to improved driving efficiency, resulting in reduced energy emissions and decreased environmental pollution. This paper endeavors to conduct an extensive review concerning the effects of CAVs on mixed traffic flows, with a primary emphasis on their impact on traffic efficiency and congestion. Additionally, secondary aspects such as stability, safety, and environmental repercussions will be addressed. The article begins with a concise historical account of connected autonomous vehicles and their related technologies. Subsequently, an investigation was conducted into their impact on the mixed traffic environment, along with corresponding policy recommendations. Finally, potential avenues for future research were identified.