Inverse design optimization of MIS nanorod arrays to enhance wavelength-selective light extraction of OLEDs through guided SPCE

the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for different emission wavelengths, yielding improvements of 29%, 30%, and 51% at 440 nm, 550 nm, and 640 nm, respectively, compared with conventional OLEDs. In addition, the optimized arrays demonstrate high spectral luminous efficiency (SLE), reduced UV transmittance, and uniform emission directionality. These enhancements have significant potential to advance OLED-based display technologies.