Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibody against Advanced Glycation End Products in chronic kidney disease

Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) are toxins that are involved in structural and functional alterations of several organs and tissues, resulting in various pathologies. Several types of AGEs have been described but carboxymethyllysine (CML) is the major antigenic AGE compound. In this study, three different immunogenic carrier proteins (KLH, keyhole limpet hemocyanin; BSA, bovine serum albumin; and HSA, human serum albumin) were modified by glycation. The glycated molecules were used to produce epitope-specific monoclonal antibodies able to recognize the CML domain and to detect uremic toxins in the serum of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). A competitive ELISA was standardized in order to quantify CML in the sera of CKD patients. An increase in uremic toxins can compromise the clinical condition of these patients, thus, the detection and quantification of these toxins should contribute to a better management and understanding of this disease.