Water purification using various technologies and their advantages and disadvantages

Continuous anthropogenic water pollution and shortage of potable water are contributing to the water scarcity worldwide. Removal of toxic water contaminants is indispensable for a clean environment and human society. The implication of recovery/recyclability/reusability (3R) for wastewater has manifested better and more successful ways for providing a new and dependable water supply. Wastewater can also be considered as an important reusable source of water. Various wastewater treatment methods have been applied to clean the wastewater and reuse it. To select the best wastewater treatment method, the fundamental knowledge of each wastewater treatment technology is essential. Therefore this chapter focuses on the various emerging contaminant removal technologies based on physical, chemical, biological, and electrochemical processes.