Synthesis on the graft copolymerization of carboxymethylcellulose with acrylamide has been put forword in this paper. The effects of the initial PH and temperature, the concentration of initiations and monomer are discussed. The results showed that the optimal condition should be : the monomer concentration is 20%; the monomer concentration is 300 mg/L; the initial temperature is 40℃; the initial pH is 8. The priority of the effects is : the initial pH, the monomer concentration, the monomer concentration, the initial temperature.