[Research progress of lactate and lactylation modification in the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis].

Sepsis, as a major problem threatening human health, requires urgent solutions to issues such as early diagnosis, precise treatment, and improved prognosis. Lactate has long been regarded as a "waste" produced during glycolysis. However, subsequent studies have found that lactate metabolic disorders are closely related to energy metabolism remodeling in sepsis. Lactylation, as a novel post-translational modification of proteins, can regulate the functions of multiple key molecules, thereby influencing the inflammatory imbalance and organ dysfunction in sepsis. In addition, intervention strategies targeting lactate metabolism and lactation modification are expected to improve the pathological process of sepsis through multi-target regulation, providing new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis. Therefore, this article aims to review the latest progress in lactate metabolism and lactation modification in sepsis, with the hope of providing a reference for the precise diagnosis and targeted treatment of sepsis.