Analysis of Ca 2+ Substitution on the Phase, Microstructural and Dielectric Properties of Ba (1− x ) Ca ( x ) (Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 Ceramics

ABSTRACT Ceramic compositions of Ba (1− x ) Ca ( x ) (Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 (BCZN) (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) were synthesized using a solid state route sintered at 1250°C. The effect of Ca 2+ dopants on the phase, microstructure, and dielectric properties was investigated. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) reveals a peak shift to a low 2 θ value having a cubic structure with space group Pm 3m for all the composites (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2). SEM images show a dense microstructure with variations in grain size from 1.2 to 2.9 μm when doped with Ca 2+ contents. The dielectric constant ( ε r ) decreased to 73 with increasing Ca 2+ concentration. Similarly, a high quality factor ( Q × f ) of 37.1 × 10 3 MHz for x = 0.15 and low tangent loss (tan δ ) 12–1.2 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2 were observed.