氧化应激
活性氧
抗氧化剂
癌细胞
DNA损伤
癌症
程序性细胞死亡
细胞生物学
线粒体
癌症研究
氧化磷酸化
化学
生物信息学
生物
细胞凋亡
生物化学
DNA
遗传学
作者
Hannah E. Greenwood,Timothy H. Witney
标识
DOI:10.2967/jnumed.120.256974
摘要
Oxidative stress is the imbalance of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the action of neutralizing antioxidant mechanisms. If left unchecked, the deleterious effects of oxidative stress result in damage to DNA, proteins, and membranes, ultimately leading to cell death. Tumors are highly proliferative and consequently generate high levels of mitochondrial ROS. To compensate for this and maintain redox homeostasis, cancer cells upregulate protective antioxidant pathways, which are further amplified in drug-resistant tumors. This review provides an overview of the latest molecular imaging techniques designed to image oxidative stress in cancer. New probes can now assess heterogeneous ROS and antioxidant production within tumors and across lesions. Together, the noninvasive imaging of these dynamic processes holds great promise for monitoring response to treatment and predicting drug resistance and may provide insight into the metastatic potential of tumors.
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