Objective:To explore the effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF).Methods:Eighteen cases of OVCF,who all suffered from severe back pain,were treated with PVP.Under the guidance of X-ray,21 PVP were performed by trans-single-pedicular or bilateral trans-pedicular approaches,with each vertebral body injected with 3ml~8ml bone cement,averagely 6ml.Results:Back pain in most patients was obviously relieved or disappeared in 6 hours to 2 days after the operation.Conclusion:PVP provides a safe,mini-invasive and effective therapy for OVCF patients who failed in expectant treatment.