Three new aliphatic compounds from the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata and their antiproliferative activity on HepG2 cells

The phytochemical investigation of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk’s roots resulted in the isolation of 16 distinct compounds, including two new aliphatics: sadiesteroside A (1) and 2,3,4-trihydroxyundecanoic acid (2), one new aliphatic hydrocarbon methyl propionate-3-(2-hydroxy-propionate) (3), and thirteen known aliphatics (4–16). The structural elucidation of compounds 1–16 was established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, supported by high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis and literature references. All isolated compounds’ in vitro antiproliferative potential was evaluated using HepG2 cells. The results indicated that compound 3, compound 15, and compound 16 significantly inhibited the activity of HepG2 cells.