Role of high-resolution Ultrasonography and Electromyography in the Evaluation of Patients with Flat Foot

Objective: The present work aimed to assess the abductor hallucis (AH) muscle changes using sonographic and electrophysiologic studies in flatfoot patients. Patients and methods: This study included 60 patients with flatfoot deformity (group I) and 20 age and sex-matched healthy individuals as a control group (group II). The patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical assessment, foot x-ray examination, high-resolution ultrasound, and surface electromyography (EMG) of AH muscle. Using a plain x-ray, Meary's angle was measured, and severity grading was categorized for the patient group. Results: The AH ultrasonography revealed a significant difference between patient and control groups regarding cross-sectional area (CSA) (P0.05). Conclusion: Patients with flatfoot showed significant structure and function changes regarding AH muscle. These changes could be assessed using sonographic and electrophysiologic studies.