A comprehensive review of liquid electrolytes for silicon anodes in lithium-ion batteries

Abstract Silicon anodes show great potential for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to their exceptional energy storage capacity. However, practical application is hindered by challenges such as significant volume changes during cycling and the formation of unstable interphases. This review explores recent advancements in electrolyte design strategies that address these challenges. A thorough analysis of various solvent systems, salts, and functional additives examines their roles in stabilizing interphases and mitigating degradation processes. The review focuses on innovative electrolyte formulations that optimize ionic conductivity, enhance mechanical resilience, and ensure long-term stability. By examining the interaction between electrolyte components and silicon’s unique properties, this work provides a framework for improving the cycling performance and reliability of silicon-based batteries, which will facilitate their adoption in high-energy-density applications.