Experimental Study on Ultra-Precision Polishing of Ti-6Al-4V by Ultraviolet-Induced Nanoparticle Colloid Jet Machining

Ti-6Al-4V is widely used in various fields of modern industry, but it is difficult to obtain an ultra-smooth surface of Ti-6Al-4V due to its poor machinability. In this article, ultraviolet-induced (UV-induced) nanoparticle colloid jet machining was utilized to carry out ultra-precision polishing of Ti-6Al-4V to improve the surface quality. The results of infrared differential spectroscopy before and after polishing show that new chemical bonds such as Ti-O-Ti (Al-O-Ti and V-O-Ti) appear on the Ti-6Al-4V workpiece surface, which indicates that the material of Ti-6Al-4V workpiece is removed through the chemical interaction between TiO2 nanoparticles and workpiece surface in the process of UV-induced nanoparticle colloid jet machining. The comparison of metallographic structure of Ti-6Al-4V before and after polishing shows that the chemical activity and material removal rate of the primary α phase in Ti-6Al-4V is higher than that of the remnant β phase in UV-induced nanoparticle colloid jet machining, which lead to the well-distributed nano-scale surface peaks and valleys at regular intervals on the polished Ti-6Al-4V workpiece surface. After polishing, the longitudinal residual stress on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V workpiece decreases from 75 MPa to 67 MPa and the transverse stress decreases from 13 MPa to 3 MPa. The surface roughness of Ti-6Al-4V workpiece is reduced from Sa 76.7 nm to Sa 2.87 nm by UV-induced nanoparticle colloid jet machining.