What establishes citizens' household intention and behavior regarding municipal solid waste separation? A case study in Jiangsu province

Management of municipal solid waste in China requires special attention because China has become the world's largest producer of municipal solid waste, and the overall volume of municipal solid waste produced is still increasing. Recently, local and central Chinese authorities have significantly enhanced municipal solid waste treatment. Therefore, this current study aims to extend the theory of interpersonal behavior with perceived benefits to assess citizens' household municipal solid waste separation intention and behavior in Jiangsu province. This study will help widen and improve the comprehension of the key factors affecting citizens' household municipal solid waste separation. Utilizing data from 630 sampled citizens in Jiangsu, analysis was conducted using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Empirical evidence revealed that affect, attitude, and social factors positively influence citizens' household municipal solid waste separation intentions. Perceived benefits also positively impact citizens' household municipal solid waste separation intentions via attitude. Facilitating conditions influence citizens' household municipal solid waste separation intentions and behaviors. The study also found that facilitating conditions negatively moderated the association between intention and behavior in Jiangsu Province. Habits significantly and positively influenced and moderated citizens' household municipal solid waste separation intentions and behaviors. These findings provide great insights and contributions to pro-environmental research and can be applied to various provinces that value household municipal solid waste separation in China.