A Review of the Application and Research Progress of Turbulent Jet Ignition Technology

<div>For the sustainable development of human society, energy saving, emission reduction, and carbon reduction are urgent challenges to be addressed in the energy industry. As a power device for energy conversion in the transportation sector, the internal combustion engine also needs to enhance its thermal efficiency while cutting pollutant emissions. To meet the current stringent requirements, lean combustion has been widely studied as an effective strategy. However, the ignition difficulty resulting from lean burn needs to be addressed. As a high-energy ignition system, the prechamber turbulent jet ignition can accelerate in-cylinder combustion, thereby enhancing engine efficiency and reducing emissions. Thus, it is considered a promising technology. This review reveals efforts to apply prechamber ignition systems to optimize combustion in the engine characterized by low-carbon fuels and low-emission features. First, this article briefly introduces the evolution of the prechamber turbulent jet ignition technology. Second, the ignition mechanism, the influence of fuel in the prechamber and structure of prechamber on the combustion performance of the spark ignition engine are emphatically introduced. The structural parameters like nozzle diameter, nozzle orientation, nozzle number, and prechamber volume have a significant effect on the in-cylinder combustion. This review summarizes the research achievements regarding the structural parameters. Finally, this study demonstrates the performance improvement of engines equipped with turbulent jet ignition technology.</div>