Extraction and characterization of cellulose from Pandan leaves (Pandanusamaryllifolius Roxb.)

Cellulose was extracted from Pandan leaves (Pandanusamaryllifolius Roxb.) by carrying out alkali treatment and bleaching. The determination of chemical composition covers the percentage of lignin, hemicellulose and α-cellulose. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the morphology of the extracted cellulose. Structural analysis of extracted cellulose obtained was carried out by Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The thermal stability of Pandan leaves and extracted cellulose was investigated by Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The results indicated that the lignin and hemicellulose were removed extensively after the treatment resulting in 86% extraction of cellulose with increased thermal stability.