Microfluidic Spinning of Metal–Organic Framework-Loaded Nanofibers toward High-Efficient Particulate Matter Removal and Antibacterial Filters

Ambient particulate matter (PM) is one of the major pollutants in the atmosphere. Due to its small size, PM2.5 can penetrate the bronchial tubes and lungs, posing a serious threat to public health. Thus, methods allowing for the facile fabrication of efficient filtration materials are highly desirable. In this paper, we report a double-pore composite nanofiber membrane toward highly efficient and antibacterial filters. Specially, zeolite imidazole framework-8 nanoparticles coated with curcumin (ZIF-8@CCM) were prepared and spun with a polymer solution through a Y-channel via a microfluidic spinning strategy, generating a double-pore structure in the composite nanofiber. In virtue of the high porosity and permeability of the polymer nanofiber, as well as the large-enough surface and the abundant active sites of ZIF-8, the composite nanofiber membrane exhibits excellent PM removal performances. Outstanding filtration efficiencies of 99.41, 99.97, and 100% were achieved for PM0.5, PM2.5, and PM10, respectively. In addition, due to the antibacterial properties of ZIF-8 and CCM, the composite nanofiber membrane shows superior antibacterial properties. This work provides a facile pathway to fabricate a ZIF-8@CCM-loaded composite nanofiber membrane via microfluidic spinning, which will stimulate the design and development of versatile and high-performance filters.