Persenone A from Avocados Exhibits Potent Anti-Fungal Activity against Coccidioides

Coccidioidomycosis, or Valley fever, is a fungal respiratory disease caused by Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii . Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic infection to chronic pulmonary disease. Despite the increasing endemic range and affected population, therapeutic strategies display moderate efficacy and adverse side effects. This study explores California’s rich botanical diversity as a source for agents that inhibit the early stages of Coccidioides development. We established a screening protocol containing a colorimetric metabolism assay and microscopic imaging. We then applied this protocol to extracts derived from local plants in San Diego, California, and discovered a potent inhibitor, persenone A, from avocados.