可再生资源
聚合物
生化工程
天然聚合物
降级(电信)
利用
可再生能源
生物量(生态学)
微生物
化学
材料科学
有机化学
计算机科学
生物
生态学
细菌
工程类
电信
遗传学
计算机安全
作者
Chun‐Chi Chen,Longhai Dai,Lixin Ma,Rey‐Ting Guo
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41570-020-0163-6
摘要
Plant biomass is an abundant renewable resource on Earth. Microorganisms harvest energy from plant material by means of complex enzymatic systems that efficiently degrade natural polymers. Intriguingly, microorganisms have evolved to exploit these ancient mechanisms to also decompose synthetic plastic polymers. In this Review, we summarize the mechanisms by which they decompose non-starch plant biomass and the six major types of synthetic plastics. We focus on the structural features of the enzymes that contribute to substrate recognition and then describe the catalytic mechanisms of polymer metabolism. An understanding of these natural biocatalysts is valuable if we are to exploit their potential for the degradation of synthetic polymers. Microorganisms enzymatically degrade natural polymers and synthetic plastics to enable a sustainable environment. This Review describes common features of these enzymes and how they can be harnessed to convert waste into useful precursors.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI