Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qianlie Decoction in treating chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS, TCM syndrome of damp-heat and blood-stasis obstruction).Methods The patients (n=142) were randomly divided into the treatment group treated with Qianlie Decoction (1 dose daily taken by 2 times), and the control group was treated with Celecoxib Capsules (200 mg once daily).The treatment course was for 4 weeks in two groups.The count of WBC and SPL in EPS were detected before and after the treatment.The scores of NIH-CPSI and TCM syndromes, and the difference between tow groups were compared and evaluated before and after the treatment.Results After the treatment In the treatment group the scores of NIH-CPSI was induced by 11, scores of TCM syndromes, by 14.14 and WBC, by 5.86.In the control group the scores of NIH-CPSI was induced by 9.85, scores of TCM syndromes,by9.80 and WBC, by 7.76.The difference in all indexes in two groups was statistically significant before and after the treatment (P0.01).The difference between 2 groups was not significant statistically (P0.05).SPL counts were all increased significantly in two groups (P0.01), and the result of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P0.01).The difference between two groups in the curative effect on CPPS (TCM syndrome of damp-heat and blood-stasis obstruction) was not statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion Qianlie Decoction is efficacious and safe for treating CPPS (TCM syndrome of damp-heat and blood-stasis obstruction).