Overview of Factors Determining Sleep Quality in Hypertensive Patients at Tuminting Health Center, Manado City

Hypertension is a chronic disease that has a wide impact on health, not only increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications but also closely related to sleep quality problems. Sleep disorders in hypertensive patients can worsen blood pressure regulation through activation of the sympathetic nervous system, increased stress hormones, and disruption of circadian rhythms. Therefore, sleep quality is an important aspect in hypertension management. This study aims to describe the factors that determine sleep quality in hypertensive patients at the Tuminting Community Health Center in Manado City. The study used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 68 respondents with hypertension selected through purposive sampling. Variables included age, sex, occupation, income, stress level, smoking habits, use of antidepressant medication and sleep quality. Data collection instruments used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS), and additional questionnaires, with univariate analysis. The results showed that 66.2% of respondents had poor sleep quality, while 33.8% had good sleep quality. Most respondents with poor sleep quality were aged ≥45 years (76.7%), male (80.0%), employed (75.9%), income above the city minimum wage (72.2%), and those with moderate stress levels (80.0%). All respondents who smoked experienced poor sleep quality (100%), while no antidepressant use was found (0%). The study concluded that the majority of hypertension patients at the Tuminting Community Health Center experienced poor sleep quality, primarily determined by factors such as age, sex, occupation, income, stress, and smoking habits. Efforts to improve sleep quality can be carried out through stress management education, controlling smoking habits, and strengthening a healthy lifestyle in hypertension patients