Degradable and Recyclable 3D‐Printed Pheromones Delivery System Reinforced by Metal Coordination Cross‐Linking for Efficient Pest Trapping

Abstract Prompted by health and environmental concerns over chemical pesticides, insect sex pheromones offer a promising eco‐friendly pest control alternative. However, their high volatility and degradability cause instability, which hinders widespread use. Currently, most pheromone carriers (e.g., commercial rubber) suffer from short release cycles, non‐degradability, and non‐recyclability, creating a need for sustainable alternatives. The study developed an insect pheromone sustained‐release carrier using a cellulose acetate matrix fabricated via direct ink writing. The incorporation of lignin sulfonate and Fe 3+ ions improved the carrier's mechanical strength and release performance. The 3D‐printed carriers achieved over 90% encapsulation efficiency and provided sustained release for up to six weeks. Compared to commercial rubber carriers, they exhibit higher cumulative trapping effectiveness against Grapholita molesta , catching 53 ± 6 insects over six weeks, versus 38 ± 4 for the rubber carrier. They also demonstrate a soil cumulative degradation rate of 20.4 ± 0.8% within 105 days, indicating environmental sustainability. Notably, the carrier can be physically recycled and reprinted. The reprinted carrier maintains an encapsulation efficiency of 92.8 ± 3.4% and bioactivity. This novel 3D‐printed system combines rapid production, degradability, and recyclability, offering a sustainable and efficient alternative to conventional pest control and supporting green agricultural innovation.