Incidence of cancer in people with CKD not requiring kidney replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Cancer incidence in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who do not require kidney replacement therapy remains inadequately characterized. This systematic review aimed to establish whether there is an elevated incidence of cancer in people with CKD. Methods: ) for all cancers and site-specific cancers. Multiple meta-regression analyses explored associations of eGFR and age. Results: = .02) on multiple meta-regression analysis. There was no association between site-specific cancer incidence in CKD patients, but these had wide confidence intervals. Conclusion: Individuals with CKD have an elevated incidence of cancer, with increasing age contributing to this association. These findings emphasize the importance of investigating whether CKD independently elevates cancer risk, building evidence for tailored cancer screening into CKD patient care.