免疫学
免疫系统
麻疹
获得性免疫系统
免疫
疾病
肺结核
先天免疫系统
生物
传染病(医学专业)
接种疫苗
医学
病理
作者
Christine Stabell Benn,Mihai G. Netea,Liisa K. Selin,Péter Aaby
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2013.04.004
摘要
•Routine vaccines may alter resistance to unrelated pathogens in children. •Live vaccines are associated with increased protection to other pathogens. •Inactivated vaccines may increase susceptibility to other pathogens. •‘Heterologous immunity’ and ‘trained innate immunity’ may explain these effects. Recent epidemiological studies have shown that, in addition to disease-specific effects, vaccines against infectious diseases have nonspecific effects on the ability of the immune system to handle other pathogens. For instance, in randomized trials tuberculosis and measles vaccines are associated with a substantial reduction in overall child mortality, which cannot be explained by prevention of the target disease. New research suggests that the nonspecific effects of vaccines are related to cross-reactivity of the adaptive immune system with unrelated pathogens, and to training of the innate immune system through epigenetic reprogramming. Hence, epidemiological findings are backed by immunological data. This generates a new understanding of the immune system and about how it can be modulated by vaccines to impact the general resistance to disease. Recent epidemiological studies have shown that, in addition to disease-specific effects, vaccines against infectious diseases have nonspecific effects on the ability of the immune system to handle other pathogens. For instance, in randomized trials tuberculosis and measles vaccines are associated with a substantial reduction in overall child mortality, which cannot be explained by prevention of the target disease. New research suggests that the nonspecific effects of vaccines are related to cross-reactivity of the adaptive immune system with unrelated pathogens, and to training of the innate immune system through epigenetic reprogramming. Hence, epidemiological findings are backed by immunological data. This generates a new understanding of the immune system and about how it can be modulated by vaccines to impact the general resistance to disease.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI