Development and current situation of the recovery technology for lead acid batteries

This review briefly introduces the working principles of lead acid batteries and the current status of research in different areas,including additives to the plates,concentration of the electrolyte,design of the grid and structure of the batteries. Furthermore,the currently used methods of lead recovery are reviewed,particularly hydrometallergical lead recovery involving both the classical method and new methods for the recovery of lead and lead oxide. Future directions in the study and recovery of lead acid batteries are also suggested.