Advancements and applications of multiple wire processes in additive manufacturing: a comprehensive systematic review

The dynamic landscape of additive manufacturing (AM) is undergoing a transformative phase with the advent of multiple wire arc AM (MWAAM) processes. This systematic review offers an exhaustive exploration of the latest advancements and multifaceted applications of these innovative techniques within the realms of AM and welding. Prominently discussed processes encompass Bi-Metallic Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing, Twin Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing, Tandem Gas Metal Arc Welding, Twin-Wire Plasma Arc Additive, and Hybrid Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing. These techniques, instrumental in fabricating an array of materials from titanium aluminides to low-carbon steel, underscore the versatility and potential of modern AM. The application breadth spans key industries such as aerospace, naval, automotive, and energy, highlighting the ubiquity and relevance of these processes. While they promise enhanced productivity, improved material attributes, and economic efficiencies, challenges persist, including the need for meticulous parameter control, an in-depth grasp of foundational physics, and the development of sophisticated predictive models. Projecting into the future of AM, this review anticipates a harmonised integration of computational advancements with automation, positioning these MWAAM processes as pivotal in the next wave of manufacturing innovations.