HDAC3 in action: Expanding roles in inflammation and inflammatory diseases

Abstract Inflammation serves as the foundation for numerous physiological and pathological processes, driving the onset and progression of various diseases. Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), an essential chromatin‐modifying protein within the histone deacetylase superfamily, exerts its transcriptional inhibitory role through enzymatic histone modification to uphold normal physiological function, growth, and development of the body. With both enzymatic and non‐enzymatic activities, HDAC3 plays a pivotal role in regulating diverse transcription factors associated with inflammatory responses and related diseases. This review examines the involvement of HDAC3 in inflammatory responses while exploring its therapeutic potential as a target for treating inflammatory diseases, thereby offering valuable insights for clinical applications.