A review on challenges and opportunities in perovskite solar cells

With the increasing population of the globe, energy demands are ever increasing. Conventional energy resources are limited. Continuous consumption of these resources has created a big issue regarding stopping use of conventional energy resources and finding an alternative for them. Solar energy is converted in to electrical energy using solar cells. Conventional Si solar cells are used commercially on a large scale. Use of these PV cells is limited due to its high cost, weather dependability, and not so portable kind of panel designs. Many different PV cell technologies are in the evolution phase, like Quantum dot solar cells, Dye-sensitized solar cells, and Perovskite solar cells. Perovskite solar cell technology is emerging as an efficient and low-cost technology. With different morphological changes, additive engineering, solvent engineering, compositional engineering, and using self-assembled monolayers Perovskite solar cell technology is in the process of evolution. Different internal and external degradation factors and changes in morphology design leading to improvement in performance and stability of Perovskite solar cell technology are discussed in this review article.