Reliability Issues in State-of-the-Art Microfluidic Biochips: A Survey

Microfluidic biochips are a prominent class of lab-on-a-chip, i.e. LoC system, guided with some activation sequences devised for a bioprotocol to manipulate fluids used in biomedical and biochemical laboratory syntheses. This paper is a survey of reliability issues for state-of-the-art microfluidic biochips. First, this paper presents the basic structure and working principles for different types of available microfluidic biochips. After that, it elaborates on a systematic analysis of security and reliability issues in performing different fluidic operations using microfluidic biochips. This paper also presents the current attack models and types with their scenarios in different remedy actions, both proactive and reactive. Finally, this paper concludes with future research directions so that the effects due to attacks on biochips will be minimized within the stipulated time for a reliable and sustainable microfluidic biochip world.