生物矿化
模板
纳米技术
纳米结构
纳米尺度
材料科学
DNA纳米技术
DNA
化学
古生物学
生物
生物化学
作者
Dimitra Athanasiadou,Karina M. M. Carneiro
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41570-020-00242-5
摘要
Nature uses extracellular matrix scaffolds to organize biominerals into hierarchical structures over various length scales. This has inspired the design of biomimetic mineralization scaffolds, with DNA nanostructures being among the most promising. DNA nanotechnology makes use of molecular recognition to controllably give 1D, 2D and 3D nanostructures. The control we have over these structures makes them attractive templates for the synthesis of mineralized tissues, such as bones and teeth. In this Review, we first summarize recent work on the crystallization processes and structural features of biominerals on the nanoscale. We then describe self-assembled DNA nanostructures and come to the intersection of these two themes: recent applications of DNA templates in nanoscale biomineralization, a crucial process to regenerate mineralized tissues. DNA is a promising scaffold for guiding biomineralization. This Review describes how DNA nanostructures template calcium-based and silica biominerals, with applications envisioned in biomedicine, electronics and engineering.
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