FGF21 rejuvenates aged human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via enhancement of TFE3-mediated autophagy flux

: FGF21: fibroblast growth factor 21; TFE3: transcription factor E3; TFEB: transcription factor EB; DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium; RAPA: rapamycin; 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; CQ: chloroquine; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; RT-qPCR: quantitative real-time PCR; pAb: polyclonal antibody; mAb: monoclonal antibody; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; MAP1lc3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; MAP2: microtubule associated protein 2; SOX2: SRY-box transcription factor 2; MOI: multiplicity of infection; FGFR1: fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; SIRT1: sirtuin 1; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; siRNA: small interfering RNA; OD: optical density; SASP: senescence-related secretion phenotype; IL6: interleukin 6; IL1B/IL-1β: interleukin 1 beta; TNF/TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor; CCL2/MCP-1: C-C motif chemokine ligand 2; BDNF: brain derived neurotrophic factor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; ICH: intracerebral hemorrhage; MLPT: modified limb placement test.