Incidentally Detected Splenomegaly and Risk of Hematologic Cancer and Liver Disease

In this cohort study, absolute 5-year risks of hematologic cancers, cirrhosis, and liver cancer were calculated according to spleen size, age, and sex. Absolute 5-year risks of any hematologic cancer were moderately increased for spleen length of 130 to 139 mm or spleen volume of 400 to 499 mL and markedly increased in individuals with spleen length of 140 mm or greater or spleen volume of 500 mL or greater, indicating that clinical workup may likely be relevant.