Zinc cobaltite hollow nanomaterials were controllably prepared under low-temperature hydrothermal condition via using as-prepared cubic Co3O4 nanoparticles as precursors. Morphology, structure, composition and phase of the samples were characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS and XRD, showing uniform size and mono-disperse of single-crystalline zinc cobaltite nanoboxes with the size of 20 nm or so. The formation mechanism of zinc cobaltite nanoboxes was suggested the combination of ion-diffusion and ion-exchange self-generated in reaction system. Magnetic studies on samples reveal that the magnetic properties of spinel cobaltite nanomaterials could be effectively modulated by adjusting reaction parameters in our experiments.