Aim: To investigate the influences of α-interferon(IFN-α)on the cell cycle and P53 expression in the human lung adenocarinoma cell line (A549). Methods: The human lung adenocarcinoma cell line(A549)was treated with IFN-α(25 μg/L, 100μg/L), P53 expression and cell cycle was determined with immunohistochemisty and flow cytometry(FCM).Results: P53 expression was significantly decreased in the A549 cell line treated with IFN-α.The cell cycle in the A549 cells was treated with IFN- -α was changed markedly, and the cells in S phase were decreased dramatically.Conclusion: IFN-α could arrest the cell cycle of A549 cells and inhibite the P53 expression.